![]() ![]() Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. Challenges to Democracy in Market-Oriented Urban Planning in Norway, European planning studies, Vol. City Planning and Political Values, Translate by Naser Barakpour, Urban Management Journal, volume 5: 68-79. Public Administration Review 27(5) 385–392. Mixed-scanning: A ‘third’ approach to decision-making. “Ten Issues for a Deliberative System.” Paper prepared for delivery at The 2013 APSA Annual Meeting. “A Genealogy of Deliberative Democracy.” Democratic Theory, 2(1): 100-117. McLaverty, 166-188, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. “Mini-publics: Issues and Cases.” In Deliberative Democracy: Issues and Cases, edited by S. “The Third Generation of Deliberative Democracy” The Journal of Political Studies Review, Volume: 8 issue: 3, page(s): 291-307 Article first published online: JIssue published: September 1, 2010 Journal of Human Sciences MODARES, 1(3): 1-22. Communicative Planning as Critical Approach. Deliberative Democracy and Beyond: Liberals, Critics, Contestations. Foundations and Frontiers of Deliberative Governance. ![]() “A Deliberative Approach to Conflicts of Culture.” Political Theory, 31(6): 780-807. ![]() “Rhetoric and the Public Sphere: Has Deliberative Democracy Abandoned Mass Democracy?” Political Theory, 37(3): 323-350. Public Administration Review 39(6): 527–532. Journal of Political Philosophy, 6(4), 400–425. Survey article: Coming of age of deliberative democracy. Regenerating the South Bank: reworking community and the emergence of post-political regeneration, in Imrie, R, Lees, L and Raco, M (2009) Regenerating London: governance, sustainability and community in a global city, London, Routledge Agonism and institutional ambiguity: Ideas on democracy and the role of participation in the development of planning theory and practice – the case of Finland. How Democratic are Networks Based on Citizen Involvement? A Framework for Assessing the Democratic Effects of Networks. Compared with communicative planning, the essential notion of agonistic planning is turning hostility into agnostic and consequently replacing enmity by disagreement or aggression by competition. ![]() In general, the theory regards the rational consensus of communicative planning as nothing but illusion and explains it as a strife to remove alternative discourses and eliminate democratic policy altogether. In this regard, the theory of planning has experienced a paradigmatic shift towards agonistic planning which is a democratic accountability mechanism premised on intellectual support of agonistic democracy. The results of present research suggest that transition to post-modern era of planning perspective is accompanied by association between democratic procedures and certain subjects such as public interest, consensus, pluralism, uncertainty and agonistic arenas. In this regard, the present research adopts descriptive-evaluation methods and uses meta-analysis so as to review the democratic procedures at the heart of planning theories and democracy and to explore their paradigmatic interaction. Over the past few decades, democratic procedures have been raised as a core of most planning methods. ![]()
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